Your Guide to the Subclass 190 and Subclass 491 Skilled Visas
Australia offers multiple pathways for skilled workers to live and work in the country. Two popular state‑nominated options are the Skilled Nominated visa (Subclass 190) and the Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (Subclass 491). This guide explains the key features, eligibility criteria and application steps for both visas so you can choose the best pathway for your circumstances.
Book a free discovery callKey takeaways
- Subclass 190 is a permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by a state or territory.
- Subclass 491 is a provisional 5‑year regional visa with a pathway to permanent residency (Subclass 191) after meeting residency and work requirements.
- Both visas are points‑tested and require a positive skills assessment and nomination.
What is the Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated) visa?
The Subclass 190 is a permanent residency visa for skilled workers who are nominated by an Australian state or territory government. Successful applicants are granted permanent residence from the date of grant and can live and work anywhere in the nominating state or territory.
Key features
- Permanent residency from grant
- Access to Medicare and most government benefits
- Ability to live and work anywhere in the nominating state or territory
Eligibility requirements (overview)
- Be under 45 years old (at time of invitation, subject to limited exemptions)
- Hold a positive skills assessment for an occupation on the relevant skilled occupation list
- Meet at least 65 points on the Skilled Migration Points Test
- Obtain nomination from an Australian state or territory (requirements vary by state)
- Meet English language requirements (typically competent English)
Application process (summary)
- Confirm your occupation is eligible for your chosen state or territory
- Complete a skills assessment with the relevant assessing authority
- Submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) via SkillSelect
- Apply for state nomination when invited
- If nominated, wait for invitation then lodge your visa application to the Department of Home Affairs
What is the Subclass 491 (Skilled Work Regional) visa?
The Subclass 491 is a provisional five‑year visa for skilled workers who are nominated by a state/territory or sponsored by an eligible relative to live and work in a designated regional area. After meeting residency and work requirements, 491 holders can become eligible for permanent residence (Subclass 191).
Key features
- Temporary visa valid for up to 5 years
- Pathway to permanent residency via Subclass 191 after three years of regional residence and work
- Access to Medicare while in Australia
Eligibility requirements (overview)
- Be under 45 years old (at time of invitation)
- Positive skills assessment for an occupation on the 491 occupation list
- Meet at least 65 points on the Skilled Migration Points Test
- Be nominated by a state/territory or sponsored by an eligible relative in a designated regional area
- Commit to living and working in a designated regional area
Application process (summary)
- Confirm your occupation is eligible in your chosen regional area
- Obtain a positive skills assessment
- Submit an EOI via SkillSelect
- Apply for state nomination or obtain family sponsorship
- Receive invitation and lodge visa application
Key differences at a glance
| Feature | Subclass 190 | Subclass 491 |
|---|---|---|
| Visa type | Permanent residency | Provisional (5 years, pathway to PR) |
| Pathway to PR | Immediate | After 3 years via Subclass 191 |
| State nomination | Yes | Yes (or family sponsorship) |
| Regional requirement | No | Yes — must live/work in regional Australia |
| Minimum points | 65+ | 65+ |
| Work and study rights | Anywhere in the nominating state/territory | Only in regional area while visa conditions apply |
Which visa is right for you?
Deciding between a 190 and a 491 visa depends on your long‑term goals, occupation, state nomination options and willingness to live in regional Australia. In many cases, the 491 pathway is more accessible for applicants who need an initial foothold in regional areas, while the 190 offers immediate permanent residency for those with strong state support.
FAQs
- Can I apply for both Subclass 190 and 491?
- Yes — you may submit EOIs for both visas, but you can accept only one nomination and proceed with one visa application at a time.
- What happens if I move out of a regional area on a 491 visa?
- Subclass 491 has residency and work commitments. Moving away from a designated regional area may affect your eligibility for Subclass 191 and future permanent residence. Seek advice before changing your address.
- Is it easier to get nominated for a 491?
- Some states have broader lists and different nomination streams for 491, which can make it more accessible for certain occupations. Each state’s requirements differ and are regularly updated.
Need personalised advice?
Our registered migration agents at Skyline Migration Lawyers can assess your profile, compare state nomination options and prepare strong EOIs and nomination applications. Book your free discovery call
Disclaimer: This article provides general information only and is not legal advice. Migration law changes frequently and eligibility depends on individual circumstances. For tailored advice, please contact Skyline Migration Lawyers.
